Symbolism of Simon in Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Symbolism of Simon in Lord of the Flies Essay Do you know someone who naturally brings out the good in people, or who always does the right thing no matter what? Simon is a shy, kind, hardworking boy who always puts others first. He tries to warn everyone on the island that there is not a beast but because he tries to do what he knows is right he gets killed by the other boys. Simon is one of the important characters in Lord of the Flies. He is one of the important characters in the novel because he represented the struggle between good and evil inside of people, nature, and Jesus or religion. The first thing that Simon represents is the struggle of good vs. vil in people because he is always putting others first and doing what is right but, at the same time, he is the only one that interacts with the Lord of the Flies, who could represent evil. Simon was the only one that helped Ralph build the shelters while everyone else was goofing off. He also helped the littluns get fresh fruit from the trees instead of letting them eat the fruit on the ground that could make them sick. Those are both things that show the good people can do. His interaction with the Lord of the Flies was more than likely a hallucination of some sort because a pig’s head on a stick cannot talk. The Lord of the Flies is evil and wants the boys to hurt or kill each other and, since he is a hallucination, it shows that there is an evil part of Simon that he tries to suppress or he may not even know is there. The second thing that Simon represents is nature because he goes into the forest on his own to surround himself with nature and appreciate its beauty and does not harm the plants or animals around him. Once Simon is done working and helping the littluns he goes into a clearing in the jungle and hides in a tangle of vines. He sits there and just listens to the sounds of the jungle and ocean and watches the animals. As he listens and watches he seems completely absorbed and at peace with nature. He is also the one who pointed out the â€Å"candle buds† which shows he was being more observant of the plants and things around them. He also knows where the freshest fruit is while most of the other boys don’t seem to know or even seem to care about the freshness of the fruit. He does not disturb the animals around him unlike the other boys. Simon is the only boy that never participates in hunting or the hunters’ dance. The third and final thing that Simon could symbolize is Jesus or religion because he is prophetic, gathers all his information from faith alone, and is the only inherently good boy on the island. Simon tells Ralph that he (Ralph) will get off the island okay but does not say that everyone will. This is prophetic and foreshadowing of Simon and Piggy’s deaths as well as the rescue of the boys that saves Ralph from the same fate. He also has no logical explanation or evidence of his claim; it is base solely on faith. Simon also realizes that there is no beast but rather it is the boys themselves. He is the only naturally good boy on the island. The other boys do not act civilized because of morality but because of social conditioning and the threat of punishment, where as Simon is civilized and good because of morals and spiritual connection to nature. Even the seemingly civilized Ralph and Piggy are not as civilized as they appear, as we see when they participate in the hunters’ dance that kills Simon. Simon can also represent Jesus because of his confrontation with the Lord of the Flies, who can represent the devil. The confrontation between the two can be seen as a parallel to Jesus’ confrontation with the devil during Jesus’ forty days in the wilderness. Simon’s clearing in the jungle could be compared to the Garden of Eden, which is pure and perfect until evil invades it, this evil being the other boys and the Lord of the Flies. Simon is an important character in Lord of the Flies because he represented the battle between good and evil inside of people, nature, and Jesus or religion. Simon symbolizes good vs. evil because he puts others first and does what is right but, at the same time, he is the only one that ever speaks with the Lord of the Flies, who could represent Satan. Simon is a symbol of nature because he goes into the forest on to envelop himself in nature and value its beauty and does not harm the plants or animals on the island. The final thing that Simon could represent is Jesus or religion because he is prophetic, all his information is based on belief, and he is the only naturally good boy on the island. Simon is a timid, thoughtful, reliable boy who always does the right thing. He tries to tell everyone that there is not a beast but because he tries to do what he knows is right he gets killed by the other boys. The book would not have been the same without Simon.

Deforestation Causes Climate Change Essay -- Global Warming Essays

"Ladies and gentlemen, the world's forests need to be seen for what they are—giant global utilities, providing essential public services to humanity on a vast scale." -- Prince Charles on Deforestation Many development institutions and politicians regard population pressure as the major factor causing rainforest destruction. Nobody can deny the serious global problem of population growth. However, the belief that this is the main cause of rainforest loss is used by many governments and businesses to imply that there is little or nothing they can do about the problem of rainforest destruction. An examination of forest destruction on a regional basis reveals that this is not so. In fact it is large companies and the inequities of international trade which are the root causes of rainforest destruction. For instance, millions of hectares of primary rainforests are being destroyed in South East Asia by logging, and the driving force in this industry is not the local population but international demand for timber. Because landless people will follow logging roads into primary rainforest areas, it is the logging industry which is the main immediate factor responsible for colonisation of rainforest. In Central America, 40% of all the rainforests have been cleared or burned down in the last 40 years, mostly for cattle pasture to feed the export market (often for US beefburgers). This industry in particular, and the continuing consolidation of land ownership in general, force the poor into rainforest in their search for land. Latin American environment groups have cited skewed land distribution as the most important factor frustrating the conservation and sustainable use of rainforest areas. Throughout South East Asia there are the... ...an 7 per cent of the planet's surface. They generate the bulk of rainfall worldwide and act as a thermostat for the Earth. Forests are also home to 1.6 billion of the world's poorest people who rely on them for subsistence. However, forest experts say governments continue to pursue science fiction solutions to the coming climate catastrophe, preferring bio-fuel subsidies, carbon capture schemes and next-generation power stations. Putting a price on the carbon these vital forests contain is the only way to slow their destruction. Hylton Philipson, a trustee of Rainforest Concern, explained: "In a world where we are witnessing a mounting clash between food security, energy security and environmental security - while there's money to be made from food and energy and no income to be derived from the standing forest, it's obvious that the forest will take the hit." Deforestation Causes Climate Change Essay -- Global Warming Essays "Ladies and gentlemen, the world's forests need to be seen for what they are—giant global utilities, providing essential public services to humanity on a vast scale." -- Prince Charles on Deforestation Many development institutions and politicians regard population pressure as the major factor causing rainforest destruction. Nobody can deny the serious global problem of population growth. However, the belief that this is the main cause of rainforest loss is used by many governments and businesses to imply that there is little or nothing they can do about the problem of rainforest destruction. An examination of forest destruction on a regional basis reveals that this is not so. In fact it is large companies and the inequities of international trade which are the root causes of rainforest destruction. For instance, millions of hectares of primary rainforests are being destroyed in South East Asia by logging, and the driving force in this industry is not the local population but international demand for timber. Because landless people will follow logging roads into primary rainforest areas, it is the logging industry which is the main immediate factor responsible for colonisation of rainforest. In Central America, 40% of all the rainforests have been cleared or burned down in the last 40 years, mostly for cattle pasture to feed the export market (often for US beefburgers). This industry in particular, and the continuing consolidation of land ownership in general, force the poor into rainforest in their search for land. Latin American environment groups have cited skewed land distribution as the most important factor frustrating the conservation and sustainable use of rainforest areas. Throughout South East Asia there are the... ...an 7 per cent of the planet's surface. They generate the bulk of rainfall worldwide and act as a thermostat for the Earth. Forests are also home to 1.6 billion of the world's poorest people who rely on them for subsistence. However, forest experts say governments continue to pursue science fiction solutions to the coming climate catastrophe, preferring bio-fuel subsidies, carbon capture schemes and next-generation power stations. Putting a price on the carbon these vital forests contain is the only way to slow their destruction. Hylton Philipson, a trustee of Rainforest Concern, explained: "In a world where we are witnessing a mounting clash between food security, energy security and environmental security - while there's money to be made from food and energy and no income to be derived from the standing forest, it's obvious that the forest will take the hit."

Family Traditions Essay

How does The Keeping Quilt help you understand traditions and what they mean to families? The Keeping Quilt by Patricia Polacco shows how immigrants came to a new country and passed down traditions to their family overtime. It also shows how traditions are integrated with other cultures to create a new culture. The Keeping Quilt demonstrates how historical and cultural traditions, teaching children social themes through children literature in the classroom can effectively increase cultural values in children’s social skills in reality. In reading the story The Keeping Quilt the author Patricia Polacco reflects on when her great grandma Anna came to America from Russia were grandma came to with only her old dress a babushka and old coat. Grandma later decides to use the old coat and pieces of other family members clothing to make a quilt. â€Å" We will make a quilt to help us always remember home† Anna’s mother said. † It will be like having the family in back home Russia dance around us at night. †(4). Here, the quilt was a significant symbol to the family to always remember their native land. It was used for the birth of family members to the family and used as huppa in weddings. Later the quilt was even used as a tablecloth and covering for caskets at funerals. The quilt became a symbol of the love and family values. The story The Keeping Quilt demonstrates to readers how some traditions and customs from our ancestors are embedded within individuals. These traditions help shape and influence our ideas values and beliefs. However in reading the story The Keeping Quilt it emphasizes some characterics of the historical values in the black African American cultures as to the movie or novel Roots by Alex Haley whereas the family kept their traditional heritage alive with jumping the broom as a symbolic union in marriage during their struggles through slavery. Another example is Escaping slavery: Sweet Clara and the freedom quilt by Sue Ann Miller, were a slave girl, Clara goes on her journey to freedom using the quilt as her symbolic inspiration from slavery. These stories and The Keeping Quilt shows readers how tradition customs individuals inherit from their ancestors used to remind them of their heritage such as the quilt was significant because it served as a piece of history passed down through generation to generation. Although Grandma Anna migrated from Russia she did not abandon her homeland once arriving in America, instead she tried to capture the memories by creating a quilt from different family members clothing each scrap of a family member clothing told a story. In creating the quilt grandma Anna kept her family history alive because it represented every significant moment in the family’s life. The Keeping Quilt also shows how cultures when migrating to a new country bring their own traditions and values. â€Å"Carle was given a gift gold, flower, salt, and bread to welcome her into the world each having a symbolic meaning. Whereas the gold represented she will never know poverty, a flower so she would always know love, salt so life would give her flavor, and bread so that she would never know hunger. However the story also shows how cultures bring their own traditions from their homeland they also create new traditions. Patricia Polacco stated† at my wedding men and women danced together, whereas in the pass they were not allowed to dance together (10). Although some traditions had changed in The Keeping Quilt overtime, the quilt remained an important tool used to connect the families past to the present. It also served as something used to preserve traditions the author Patricia Polacco states â€Å" I too will be a grandmother, and tell the story of The Keeping Quilt to my grandbabies†. 32) In addition, The Keeping Quilt is great example to express it is important to pass the torch of family traditions, this imparts a sense of continuity, bonding and more importantly love. It is incumbent on each generation of parents to keep the family tradition up and running. Family traditions are valuable instruments for child rearing because they install social values and contribute to creating close family ties. Whereas quality family time can help to build and maintain strong family ties sharing is the key ingredient for creating quality moments. On the other hand traditions make sharing easy for offering a common ground of knowledge and experiences. Teaching the new generation to honor the old family traditions through the years can help preserve encouraged interaction through shared activities. Many of most meaningful traditional activities revolve around food, with families gatherings eat and celebrate different events or holidays. In telling her story Patricia Polacco says that she come from past of storytellers, quoting† My fondest memories are sitting around a stove or open fire, eating apples and popping corn, while listening to the old ones tell glorious stories about their homeland and past. † In celebrating, traditions are highly important to welfare of many diverse families were Jews celebrate Passover and Hanukah, African Americans enjoy Kwanzaa, christens honor the birth of Jesus Christ at Christmas, but all giving thanks on Thanksgivings and etc. Traditions help people feel a sense of identity and belonging from a generational perspective, family traditions are practices or belief, they also pave the way for the good times and good memories. They create a connectedness with the past and hope for the future. This book is well integrated into History and Social Studies the study of families ethic religious, occupational and so forth. In reading this book illustration The Keeping Quilt emphasizes the family value and encourages children that valuable tools of family traditions ensure them with warmth and closeness family bondage now.

Fahrenheit 451, By Ray Bradbury - 1554 Words

The Burning Truth: Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Because of individual freedoms and choices, citizens of the United States have the opportunity to be unique and to pursue their wildest dreams. The freedoms and opportunities offered to Americans allow them to dare to dream and achieve as long as they are willing to work and sacrifice. Imagine living in other countries where oppressive governments take away individual rights and take control of what citizens read, watch, and discuss—where free thought is prohibited and pursuing individual success and prosperity is impossible. This is the case in Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451. Books have been outlawed and citizens’ rights to question, think and learn from the past have been taken away. The state, in its attempt to prevent people from debating and sharing ideas, has also prohibited the building of front porches on homes to discourage communication. Through the actions of various characters, Bradbury shows the disastrou s consequences of such strict governmental controls and censorship. Through his use of symbolism in Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury portrays the themes of destruction and rebirth in a dystopian society. The novel’s key symbol, fire, denotes the destructive nature of an oppressive government and the hope of a new society. In the dystopia portrayed in Fahrenheit 451, fire is the irrevocable means of destruction used by the government to eradicate books and completely eliminate the views and knowledge that they provide. ByShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clea rly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was censored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by readers) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (lessons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbur y’s original message of the book shows the beauty of traditional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas--are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dystopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in peopleâ €™s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. As the story progresses, Montag learns the truth behind why books are outlawed and flees his city to join the last remnants of age-oldRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury847 Words   |  4 PagesSet Knowledge On Fire The book Fahrenheit 451 is a postmodern work by Ray Bradbury first published in 1951. In Bradbury’s story, all books are illegal and are subject to be burned by firemen. Furthermore, the two predominant themes of Fahrenheit 451 are censorship and ignorance. The censorship implemented over the years removes all information from society that is necessary to learn, which accomplishes to prevent people from questioning anything. The ignorance of society has been fostered and theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1661 Words   |  7 Pages1.) In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag’s view on life reverses. Two characters the influence the main character Guy Montag are the old lady whose house and books were burnt down and Mildred. The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

The Baseline Leadership Survey For The First Cohort Essay

Results Leadership Survey When analyzing the baseline leadership survey for the first cohort, we specifically looked at baseline frequency distributions of the â€Å"I feel like a Leader scenarios, most Littles reported feeling more like a leader at home and with friends. On a scale of one to five, one being Not at all like me and five being A lot like me, many girls indicated that they were less likely to feel like a leader at school. As seen in table 8 below, 14 percent of Littles reported that they did not feel like a leader at school, compared to that of 11.6 percent who did. Conversely, 7 percent of Littles reported that they did not feel like a leader with friends, compared to the 16.3 percent that did. Lastly, when assessing Littles who felt like a leader at home, 11.6 percent reported that they felt less like a leader, compared to the 23.3 percent who did. When analyzing the end of program leadership survey for the first cohort, most Littles reported feeling more like a leader at home and with friends. As seen in table 9, 16.3 percent of Littles reported that they did not feel like a leader at school, compared to that of 7 percent who did. On the other hand, 14 percent of Littles reported that they did not feel like a leader with friends, compared to the 16.3 percent that did. Lastly, when assessing Littles who felt like a leader at home, 16.3 percent reported that they felt less like a leader, compared to the 16.3 percent who did. A paired-samples t-test was runShow MoreRelatedThe New Graduate Nurse Cohort1397 Words   |  6 Pagesimperative that the new graduate nurse cohort be given a full immersion into the organizational culture, a quality orientation program, and to feel welcomed into their departments to foster embeddedness early in the program (Reitz, 2014). To facilitate this, the program will begin with a welcoming gathering for their inauguration. This gathering will be designed to introduce the new graduates to organizational leaders, former graduates, and new graduates within their cohort in order to begin the buildingRead MoreThe Young Women s Leadership Project Essay1876 Words   |  8 PagesThe Young Women’s Leadership Project (YWLP) seeks to increase middle school age girls’ capacity for leadership, contributing to increased success in high school and post-secondary education. Much like the traditional BBBS model, YWLP provides at-risk middle school age girls in Harrisonburg, VA with high quality one-to-one mentoring services, in combination with out-of-school learning opportunities and a week-long summer camp. Utilizing research as a basis, YWLP integrates individual mentoring withRead MoreQuality and the Balanced Scorecard Approach: Nursing and Health Care1431 Words   |  6 Pagesa large impact on internal job satisfaction for nurses and medical staff as well. For instance, if the BSA uses an internal survey to gauge satisfaction and asks: Do you think you should have more financial compensation for what you do at work? what employee would not respond yes? Instead, information must be connected to all stakeholders and phrased with careful baseline measurements that are general and reasonable. 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In order to advance current practices into EBP supported practices, the establishment needs transformational leadership, collaboration, and strategic guidance (Hauck, Winsett, Kuric, 2013). When establishing new procedures based on EBP, it is essential to consider improvement of care experienced, enhance the health of populations, and reduce costs of care per individual Read MoreBackground Of The National Longitudinal Transition Study Essay1778 Words   |  8 Pageswho are less prepared for college and career. Analyses of the data from transcripts and other district data on NLTS youth will inform us on what the special education entails for this generation of high school students. This data will also be the first nationally representative data depicting high school and transition experiences for students qualified for accommodations under Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Comparisons made with data from NLTS and NLTS2 will also updateRead MoreWhy Are Patient Outcomes Low When Patients?1921 Words   |  8 Pagesleads to a whole new list of things that must be assessed. Falls are something that happen much too often in the hospital setting due to lack of nurse staffing. â€Å"Three of four studies on the proportion of RNs reported significant effects. The three cohort studies showed that higher proportions of RNs were significantly related to lower numbers of patient falls. More specifically, small effect sizes were reported for medical/surgical and critical car e units (Patrician et al., 2011) and for step downRead More Civic Engagement through Community Problem Solving Essay6905 Words   |  28 PagesInstead, they are linked to generational effects, a change in society itself instead of individuals as their lives progress. This is evident when participation rates of young people are compared over time, as shown above. Compared with the same age cohort in years past, levels of voting have declined significantly. Voting may be the most visible, but it is certainly not the only way to participate in a democracy. In his book Bowling Alone, Robert Putnam includes the following in his definitionRead MoreResearch Fundations5609 Words   |  23 Pageseffectiveness of training given to the new associates. CommunnaTell Wireless will conduct surveys of recent customers to the call center to determine the root cause of the recent complaints. Propose Research CommunnaTell Wireless Company will conduct personal phone interviews with 300 customers recently called into the center. Conducting the survey in the next 30 days will enable â€Å"quick wins† with the data surveyed. Survey focuses questions on timeliness of service, friendliness of service representativeRead MoreEvaluation Of Routine Immunization Performance Essay8403 Words   |  34 PagesSindh, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan besides the federally administered territories and the capital Islamabad. The population of Pakistan is estimated at 182 million in 2013 with an annual population growth rate of 2%. Pakistan is having a birth cohort of 6.2 million infants, with 5.82 million surviving infants [1]. Routine Immunization and Polio Eradication: In 2013 the UN Inter-agency Group for child mortality estimation, showed that about 50% of under-five deaths occur in only five countries:

Ethical Issues Of The Managerial Accounting Profession

Introduction In today s high-rise development markets, there are millions of transactions that have been done every second by millions of employees. These transactions are domestically and globally executed, and due to its complexity in today s business world it may generates sort of excesses that can negatively affect the business environment as well as the social life. Therefore, it becomes necessary to stress on the ethics and morals that should be prevalent in the business community. The term ethics in the business environment expresses the expected attitude of the individuals in organizations that carry out certain activities and services. Clearly, today’s business environment has obvious ethical issues that not only affect firms†¦show more content†¦Managerial Accounting nature The management accounting is an effective and important provider for business information that helps the management to make decisions relating to business activities and investment decisions. Managerial accountants play a crucial role in advising managers about the financial implications of projects; and run some analysis such as cost benefit analysis, sensitivity analysis. At the same time managerial accounting streamline the management by explain the financial consequences of business decisions. It plays a crucial role in formulate business strategy to assist the higher management to build the strategic goals and strategic plan. Managerial accountants always monitor spending and financial control as well as conduct internal business audits. The management accounting is a control tool used for various internal business processes of the enterprise, consequently becoming essential in any manager’s daily processes and operations. Business Ethics Ethics was defined by Nelson and Trevino (2005) as ‘‘a set of moral principles or values’’ a definition that depicts ethics as highly personal and relative. Every individual has his own moral principles and neither of them should try to impose their ethics on the other. But proposed definition of ethics ‘‘the principles, norms, and standards of conduct governing an individual or group’’ focuses on conduct. Employers are expected to establish guidelines for work-related conduct, including what

Cultural Relativism Theory and Virtue ethics free essay sample

Essay 1 Write an essay based on any of the topics covered in class during the period of week 1 and week 6. Paper must be between 2 and 3 pages (excluding cover page, annexes, and reference page). Cultural Relativism Theory Cultural Relativism Theory is morality that differs in every society, and is a convenient term for socially approved habits. It is also the oldest philosophical theory that speaks about the nature of morality. Cultural relativism theory claims that different cultures have different moral codes and nothing is there or an objective standard that can judge a society’s moral code if it’s better than the other society. Therefore there is no culture or a society that has a better moral code because there is nothing that can judge it, so each culture and society’s moral codes are the same. In this topic of Cultural Relativism Theory there is no universal truth. The moral code in a society maybe good or bad, nobody knows, so nobody can judge whose better. The moral code of a society determines what is right within that society and it is mere arrogance for us to try judge the conduct of other people In Cultural Relativism Theory each culture has different moral codes and their moral code could be good or bad in that society. For example the Callatians and the Greeks, they have different tradition at which the Callatians don’t agree with the Greeks tradition and the Greeks don’t agree with the Callatians as well. For the Callatians they eat the bodies of their dead fathers whereas the Greeks don’t practice that. Instead they practiced cremation at which they believe that is the proper way of disposing a dead body. Also another example with the Eskimo’s and Belizeans. The Eskimos men have more than one wife at which they share it with a guest as a sign of hospitality in which also other men can have sexual access to a woman at which a woman can leave her husband and find a new partner. They also have less regard for human life and infanticide the female babies and also the old people are left to die at which nobody cares. However for us today as Belizeans everything is different from the Eskimos and nobody would want to  practice what the Eskimos do. For cultural difference argument we might think that it seems reasonable but we found out that it is not. For cultural relativism theory there is a certain form of argument at which its strategy used by cultural relativists is to argue from the facts about the differences between cultural outlooks to a conclusion about the status of morality. As we can go back and look at the example about the Callatians at which the Greeks believed that it was wrong to eat the dead, whereas the Callatians believed it was right. Therefore eating the dead is neither objectively right nor objectively wrong. It is just an opinion that varies from culture to culture. Also there is a general argument in which different cultures have different moral codes and that there is no objective truth in morality and that these are just matter of opinions that varies from culture to culture. The trouble for cultural relativism theory is that the conclusion does not follow the idea that forms the basis of the argument and that is if the idea which forms the argument might be true, the conclusion might still be false. And we don’t know all the truths in the world and as a matter of fact we wouldn’t know the truth about morality. However, we might say that one culture may be wrong while the other is right or both might be wrong, or both might be correct, nobody knows. Furthermore, if you take cultural relativism seriously there are consequences. First, we could no longer say that the customs of other societies are morally inferior to our own. This means that we would stop condemning other societies only because they are different from us. Also we would be stopped criticizing other societies or culture. Second, is that we could decide whether actions are right or wrong just by consulting the standards of our society and this might be simple because anyone can just ask whether their action is in accordance with the code of one’s society. Also this forbids us to criticize our own culture. ` Moreover, some cultures have common values because their culture does not differ nearly as much as it appears and the difference is in our belief system not in our values. In addition, all cultures value for their children, for honesty and no killing. Also there are some moral rules that all societies will have in  common, because those rules are necessary for a society to exist. In conclusion we learned from cultural relativism that it rest on an invalid argument, universal truth does not exists, there is no better culture, different cultures might have different moral codes but not one is right or wrong because nobody can judge. Essay 2 Write an essay based on any of the topics covered in class during the period of week 7 and week 12. Paper must be between 2 and 3 pages (excluding cover page, annexes, and reference page). The Ethics of Virtue There were three philosophers that approached ethics by asking what is a good man, what makes someone to become virtuous and what traits of character make one a good person? These philosophers are Aristotle, Socrates and Plato. However, the modern philosophers approached ethics in a different way by asking what is the right thing to do? Therefore, this leads them to a different direction and went on to develop their own theories about righteousness, obligation and duty, not of virtue. They talked about ethical egoism in which each person ought to do whatever will best promote his or her own interests. Also utilitarianism that we ought to do whatever will promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number. In addition they spoke about Kant’s theory that our duty is to follow rules that we would be willing to have followed by all people in all circumstances. Lastly they spoke about social contract theory that the right thing to do is to follow the rules that rational, self-interested people can agree to establish for their mutual benefit. These theories were familiar by the modern philosophers from the seventeenth century. However many philosophers disagree with modern philosophers that they are completely lacking in a particular good quality or value and in order to save the subject they returned to Aristotle’s way of thinking. A theory of virtue should have several components. First, there should be an explanation of what a virtue is. Second, a list should be given that specifies which character traits are considered to be virtues. Third, is that they should explain what these virtues consist. Fourth, is that they should explain why these qualities of  character traits are good ones for a person to have. Lastly, is that the theory should tell us if these are virtues are the same for all people or do they differ from person to person. Aristotle suggested an answer for the definition of what a virtue is and he says that it is a trait of character manifested in habitual action. Pincoff says that virtues are those traits of character that lead us to seek people and vices are those traits of character that leads us to avoid people. However we may define virtue as a trait of character, manifested in habitual action, that it is good for a person to have. Examples of virtue character traits that a person should have are as follows: Courage, honesty, generosity, loyalty etc. Each of the virtue character traits has its own features and its own problems in which Aristotle argued that virtues are means poised between extremes which are the vices that is one of excess and the other of deficiency. For example they looked at Courage in which it is a mean between the extremes of cowardice and foolhardiness in the face of danger. Courage is sometimes said to be a military virtue because it help the soldiers accomplish their task. Also Generosity as an example is the willingness to spend one’s resources to help others. Also Honesty as an example is needed because without it, relations between people would go wrong in countless ways. However it is sometimes wrong to tell truth and an honest person can sometimes lie when there are compelling reasons. Aristotle says that virtues are important because they are qualities needed for successful human living and virtuous person will fare better in life. Also virtues are not the same for all people because each person possesses different traits of character and these virtues depend on social roles and each society has different social roles and so traits of character to fulfill these roles will differ so this means that virtues will differ in different societies. Aristotle and Rachel say that some virtues are necessary by all people in all times. Virtue ethics have two advantages: moral motivation and doubts about the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"ideal† of impartiality. Moral motivation is an advantage of virtue ethics because virtue ethics is an appealing and it provides a natural and attractive account of moral motivation. A virtue ethics doubt about the ideal of impartiality is another advantage and impartiality has been the theme for the modern moral philosophy in which the ideas of all persons are morally equal. The total theory of virtue would include an account of all considerations that figure in practical decision making, together with their underlying rationale. References Cite all sources used in your report. Remember it is plagiarism to use other’s work and give them credit.